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Essiac
Essiac is an herbal tea promoted as an alternative treatment for cancer and other illnesses. There is no evidence it is beneficial to health, and it may be harmful.
==Background==
As with many alternative remedies, the exact composition of Essiac is unclear, but it reportedly contains burdock (''Arctium lappa''), sheep sorrel (''Rumex acetosella''), slippery elm bark (''Ulmus rubra''), and Indian rhubarb (''Rheum officinale'') or turkey rhubarb (''Rheum palmatum'').〔"(What kind of rhubarb root did Rene Caisse use in Essiac tea? ) Turkey Rhubarb v. Indian Rhubarb" - HealthFreedom.info. Retrieved 29 August 2014.〕 Some formulations may also contain watercress, blessed thistle, red clover, and kelp. From the 1920s through the 1970s, Essiac was promoted as a cancer treatment by Rene Caisse, a Canadian nurse, who claimed that it had been given to her by an Ontario Ojibwa patient she treated.〔〔 However, this has never been substantiated. There is no evidence that Essiac is a Native American or First Nations remedy, and there are multiple factors that indicate the formula is not from any Native American culture. Several of the plants in the mixture (burdock, sheep sorrel, Indian rhubarb and turkey rhubarb) are not indigenous to the Americas, and were not growing in the wilds of Northern Ontario during the time Caisse began prescribing this tea.〔 The name "Essiac" is Caisse's surname spelled backwards. Today, Essiac is often sold with apparatus (such as bottles and infusers) for making the tea, and is sometimes promoted with untrue claims that scientific studies have shown it to be effective.〔
In 1977, Caisse sold the Essiac formula and trademark rights to Respirin Corporation (a Canadian company and predecessor in title to Essiac Products Inc.), which attempted to commercialize the product. However, the company was unable to show any efficacy of Essiac against cancer. Repeated laboratory tests showed that Essiac failed to slow tumor growth and, in large doses, killed test animals. In a number of studies, Essiac actually ''increased'' the rate of cancer growth. As a result, both the U.S. and Canadian governments refused to approve Essiac as a medical treatment. Essiac was instead marketed by Essiac Products Inc. and others as a dietary supplement, subject to much looser regulation and not required to show any proof of effectiveness.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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